Breeding methods for cross pollinated crops pdf free

Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Breeding method for cross pollinated crop authorstream. Natural selection tends to favour plants that can compete with neighbouring plants for light, water and nutrients. How does gm differ from conventional plant breeding. Delivery online learners have the option of participating in live lectures presented twice weekly to facetoface students or viewing the taped lectures online in extension. Principles and methods of plant breeding download ebook.

Sweet nothings pretty funny girl podcast youtube power hour podcast. Such breeding is limited to compatible plants, and compatibility lessens with increasing distance in the relationship between plants. It is simply the technique of breeding which deals with the selection of better one from the entire crop plants. Breeding cross pollinated and clonally propagated crops. This manual on participatory plant breeding ppb is based primarily on the. Mass selection progeny test, ear to row method and recurrent selection 5.

Controlled hybridization and selection, back crossing and selection, mutation breeding. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Ppt breeding crosspollinated crops powerpoint presentation. Recurrent selection is an important breeding method employed to improve the populations of crop plants particularly those of cross pollinated species.

As previously discussed, self pollinated species have a genetic structure that has implication in the choice of methods for their improvement. A description of each part of the wheat plant can be found in the introduction to wheat, along with a glossary, to help with the specific vocabulary. Review article timelines in conventional crop improvement. Breeding methods normally adopted are of three types 1. It is the traditional method of breeding and it was only practice by man in ancient time. Request pdf breeding methods in cros spollinated species plant breeding is the genetic improvement of plants and is considered to be both a science and an.

The method is generally used for handling segregation generation may be grouped into three categories. The bulkpopulation method of breeding differs from the pedigree method primarily in the handling of generations following hybridization. Their genetic makeup is such that they show variable inbreeding depression. Breeding methods in cross pollinated crops much of the hybrid vigour exhibited by f1 hybrid varieties is lost in the next generation.

Consequently, seed from hybrid varieties is not used for planting stock but the farmer purchases new seed each year from seed companies. Breeding methods in crosspollinated species springerlink. Consequently, breeding methods for cross pollinated crops aim at preventing inbreeding. Crossing of plants with cultivars from other climatic conditions, with wild relatives, or closely related species. Cassava crossing block at iita in which all male flowers were removed from parents being used as females and the resulting fruits from cross pollinated flowers are being collected in muslin bags before they dehisce explosively. Fruit breeding is an ancient technology with dynamic current technology and an exciting future janick and moore, 1975, 1996. Population improvement strategies for crop improvement. Crosspollination confers on plant populations a far greater degree of genetic. Such lines often have to be included to increase the number of parental lines making up the synthetics as lines with outstanding gca are limited in number synthetics can be produced and maintained only in cross pollinated crop species, while hybrid varieties can be produced both in self and cross pollinated crops 46.

Some examples of crosspollinated crops are alfalfa, rye, herbage grasses, forage legumes, red clover, some maizes. Breeding for new, improved varieties of crop plants is most often based on cross pollination and hybrid production. Cereals rice origin distribution of species wild relatives and forms breeding objectives major breeding procedures for development of hybrids varieties 3. The method that is used for a specific plant is determined by the structure of the plant and how it can easily reproduce. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Basically, the selection procedure of the best progenies was optimized, particularly with the development of agricultural experimentation based on the publications of fisher.

Breeding methods in cross pollinated crops authorstream. Method of plant breeding in self pollinated plants pedigree methods mass selection and pure line selection cannot be applied to segregating population. The breeding methods that have proved successful with self pollinated species are. Reproduction refers to the process by which living organisms give rise to the offspring of similar kind species. Request pdf breeding methods in cros spollinated species plant breeding is the genetic improvement of plants and is considered to be both a science and an art. Only a few such as maize, rye, pearl millet, buckwheat, or scarlet runner bean are crosspollinated. Breeding methods in cross pollinated crops slideshare.

Cross pollinated crops generally show moderate to severe inbreeding depression. Genetic improvement has been a central pillar of improved agricultural productivity for thousands of years. Youtube, youtube channel, video marketing, youtuber, igtv, erika vieira, video, instagram cryptotoday electratone guitar effects hatecast clint taylor. On the other hand, for breeding purpose, the predominantly self. Compared to self pollinated species, cross pollinated species differ in their gene pool structure, and in the extent of genetic recombination. Top 4 methods used in crosspollinated crops breeding. Plant breeding is an ancient activity, dating to the very beginnings of agriculture. In the introduction an overview of the reproduction and mating systems is presented. Method of plant breeding in cross pollinated plants. This article throws light upon the top three breeding methods used for crosspollinated crops. Breeding method in self pollinated crop breeding method. Only those breeding and selection methods are suitable for a crop which does not interfere with its natural state or ensure the maintenance of such a state. Nov 12, 2009 in section three hybrid breeding is dealt with.

Breeding cross pollinated crops 1 breeding cross pollinated crops 2 cultivar development in cross pollinated species. The selection cycle may be repeated one or more times to increase the frequency of favourable alleles. Full text of plant breeding principles and methods. Selection methods in plant breeding based on mode of. In this method initial plants are selected on the basis of their phenotype, but the final selection of plant based on progeny test. In this method of breeding, the best individuals with desired characters are selected on the basis of phenotypic performance in a source population.

The concept of heterosis and the identification of heterotic patternis is briefly described. This method includes progeny selection on ear to row method and recurrent selection. A textbook which addresses both conventional and modern means of plant breeding like. The f2 generation is sown at normal commercial planting rates in a large plot. Breeding methods that do not require hybridization. The breeding methods commonly used in cross pollinated crops. Quantitative genetics and breeding methods download. Jul 02, 2015 such lines often have to be included to increase the number of parental lines making up the synthetics as lines with outstanding gca are limited in number synthetics can be produced and maintained only in crosspollinated crop species, while hybrid varieties can be produced both in self and crosspollinated crops 46. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. Probably soon after the earliest domestications of cereal grains, humans began to recognize degrees of excellence among the plants in their fields and saved seed from the best for planting new crops. Ppt plant breeding methods powerpoint presentation free.

Backcross breeding method 410 hort 407 1 plant breeding methods i. The majority of the 5060 main grain crops of the world are predominantly selfpollinated. At maturity the crop is harvested in mass, and the seeds are used to establish the next generation in a similar plot. Crossing methods and cultivation conditions for rapid.

Top 3 breeding methods used for crosspollinated crops. Breeding systems for crosspollinated perennial grasses. Conventional plant breeding has been going on for hundreds of years, and is still commonly used today. Desirable characteristics from different parent plants could also be combined in the offspring. Podcast for kids nfb radio 101 sermon podcast pauping off all steak no sizzle podcast church of the oranges daily chapel spring 2012. The major part of the chapter is dedicated to the breeding of population varieties opvs and synthetics. Request pdf breeding methods in crosspollinated species plant breeding is the genetic improvement of plants and is considered to be. Because cross pollination and self pollination occur in insect pollinated plantings, melons can be handled as a self pollinated or cross pollinated crop. In crop plants, the mode of reproduction is of two types. Mass selection, as applied to cross pollinated crops is essentially the same as that applied to self pollinated crops.

This cross can be made in both the self pollination and certain cross pollination crops. Depending upon the mode of pollination the breeding methods also varies. Unit 3 breeding cross pollinated crops topics covered include. Choice of breeding procedure depends on the mode of reproduction and pollination of a crop species. Methods with cross pollinating crops intrapopulation improvement 1. Breeding would benefit from access to traits inherent in sexually noncompatible plants. A special section deals with the breeding of autotetraploids with respect to inbreeding, selection, synthetics and hybrid breeding. Breeding methods in crosspollinated species request pdf. Open pollination between two plants under a single bag without emasculation of the female parent led to a mean success rate of 10% with a standard deviation s. This article is brought to you for free and open access by the agronomy and horticulture. Cross pollination, where pollen from one plant can only fertilize a different plant. The appropriate breeding procedures for this group of crops could be the pureline selection with progeny testing. Pdf statistical genetics and plant breeding download full.

The amount of seeds produced did not substantially differ between methods and the mother plants produced between 100 and 200 seeds. Open pollinated varieties of crops that are cross pollinated plants. Introduction populations of cross pollinated crops arc highly heterozygous as well as heterogeneous. Some examples of cross pollinated crops are alfalfa, rye.

Most of our crops can be classified as cross pollinated or self pollinated cross pollinated means that an insect or wind normally carries pollen from one plant to another in order to fertilize it self pollinated means that the plant will pollinate and fertilize itself both types require that you crosstone plan with another in. Individual plant selection, mass selection, inbreeding and hybridization, recurrent selection, synthetics, composites. Therefore, inbreeding must be avoided or kept to minimum in cross pollinated species. Population improvement was the earliest breeding method applied to cross pollinated crops. This course focuses on the standard breeding methods and theories associated with population improvement of cross pollinated crops e. Full text of methods of plant breeding internet archive. Plant breeding breeding selfpollinated species britannica. Early farmers discovered that some crop plants could be artificially mated or cross pollinated to increase yields. This presentation mainly emphasis on the population improvement in cross pollinated crops, types of combining ability and production of synthetics and composites. Request pdf breeding crosspollinated crops while methods for improving selfpollinated species tend to focus on improving individual plants, improving crosspollinated species, on the other. Manual capturing of data has a number of disadvantages. Plant breeders use different methods depending on the mode of reproduction of crops, which include.

It is due to such reasons that imposition of selffertilization on cross pollinating crops leads to drastic reduction in their performance. Selffertilization, where pollen from a plant will fertilise reproductive cells or ovules of the same plant. Specific objectives theory by the end of the course, the students will be able to i. In its broadest sense, fruit breeding refers to the purposeful genetic improvement of fruit crops through various techniques including selection, hybridization, mutation induction, and molecular techniques. Introduction to onfarm organic plant breeding organic seed.

Method of plant breeding in cross pollinated plants selection with progeny testing. Plant breeding methods 1 plant breeding methods additional new reference george acquaah. This presentation mainly emphasis on the population improvement in cross pollinated crops, types of combining ability and production of synthetics and. The commonly used breeding methods of self pollinated plants were developed over a century ago in europe. Breeding methods in cross poll inated crops much of the hybrid vigour exhibited by f1 hybrid varieties is lost in the next generation. Principles and methods of plant breeding download ebook pdf. Such tentative selective methods were the forerunners of. Plant breeding plant breeding breeding self pollinated species. Dec 22, 2017 friends this is video of cross pollination which includes some introduction, mechanism promoting and genetic consequences of cross pollination. Jul 02, 2015 breeding methods in cross pollinated crops methods of population improvement breeding methods breeding methods with without progeny progeny test test eg. Ppt plant breeding methods powerpoint presentation. Hybrid breeding food and agriculture organization of the united.

Breeding article about breeding by the free dictionary. Definition and introduction to plant breeding method, classificaton of plant breeding method on 1. Both conventional plant breeding and gm deliver genetic crop improvement. Since cross pollinated species are naturally hybrid heterozygous for many traits and lose vigour as they become purebred homozygous, a goal of each of. Combination breeding is widely used to create variation in breeding lines. Specific breeding methods in self and cross pollinated crops, their genetic basis and scope of further refinements, concepts and techniques of tissue culture, molecular biology and production of transgenic plants, commonly used experimental designs in plant breeding, seed production, and implications of plant breeders rights are other highlights. Cross pollination an overview sciencedirect topics. Maize is a cross pollinated species with unique and separate male and female organs allowing techniques from both self and cross pollinated crops to be utilized. How to cross wheat the following section aims to illustrate how to perform crosses in wheat. Department of genetics and plant breeding breeding of field. Explain to students that there are several different methods used to breed and grow crops. Method of plant breeding in self pollinated plants. Breeding self pollinated crops study guide by temple777 includes 40 questions covering vocabulary, terms and more.

Now that the wild progenitors of the majority of the grain crops are already satisfactorily identified, we know that the wild ancestors of the self. Breeding crosspollinated crops request pdf researchgate. As previously discussed, selfpollinated species have a genetic structure that has implication in the choice of methods for their improvement. Full text of methods of plant breeding see other formats. After knowing the floral biology and botanical description of the crop,the next search is for breeding methods. The following points highlight the top four methods used in crosspollinated crops. As a consequence, a diverse set of breeding methods can be utilized for the development of various maize cultivar types for all economic conditions e. It is essential to develop varieties free from toxic. There are many different techniques but we will only show our method here.

Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. Crossing between two inbreds or varieties is called single. Request pdf breeding cross pollinated crops while methods for improving self pollinated species tend to focus on improving individual plants, improving cross pollinated species, on the other. Breeding method in self pollinated crop breeding method in. Introduction plant breeding is an art or science as old as agriculture, started since man learnt to cultivate the plants. Presentday crop breeding and selection methods are based on the genetic. Request pdf breeding crosspollinated crops while methods for improving selfpollinated species tend to focus on improving individual. Breeding techniques in self pollinated crops presentation.